Surgical Oncology

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Surgical Oncology

At Pi Health Cancer Hospital, our Surgical Oncology department specializes in the surgical treatment of various types of cancer. Our team of experienced surgeons is dedicated to providing patients with exceptional care.

Diagnosis:

Surgical oncology diagnosis involves a series of assessments and procedures aimed at identifying and characterizing cancerous conditions that may require surgical intervention. These diagnostic steps are crucial for determining the extent of the disease, planning appropriate surgical treatment, and assessing the patient’s overall health status. Common diagnostic procedures in surgical oncology include:

Imaging Tests: Imaging techniques such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) scans are used to visualize internal structures and detect abnormalities suggestive of cancer. These tests help identify the location, size, and spread of tumors within the body.
Biopsy: A biopsy involves the removal of a small sample of tissue or cells from the suspected cancerous site for microscopic examination and analysis. Different biopsy techniques may be employed depending on the location and accessibility of the tumor, including needle biopsy, surgical biopsy, or endoscopic biopsy.

Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA): Fine needle aspiration is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a thin needle to extract cells or fluid from a suspicious mass or tumor. The collected sample is then examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

Endoscopy: Endoscopic procedures involve the insertion of a flexible tube with a camera and light source (endoscope) into the body to visualize internal organs or tissues. Endoscopy may be used to evaluate tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, or other anatomical regions.

Laboratory Tests: Laboratory tests, including blood tests and tumor markers, may be performed to assess various parameters such as blood cell counts, liver function, and specific protein levels that can indicate the presence of cancer or monitor treatment response.

Molecular Testing: Molecular testing analyzes the genetic makeup of cancer cells to identify specific mutations or biomarkers that may influence treatment decisions and prognosis. Techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) help characterize tumors at the molecular level.

These diagnostic procedures play a critical role in determining the extent of disease and guiding surgical treatment planning for patients with cancer. The results of these tests help surgical oncologists formulate individualized treatment strategies aimed at achieving optimal outcomes while minimizing risks and complications associated with surgical intervention.

Treatment Procedures:

Surgical oncology treatment procedures encompass a variety of surgical interventions aimed at removing cancerous tumors or tissues and treating localized cancer. These procedures are tailored to the specific type of cancer, its stage, and the patient’s overall health status. Common treatment procedures in surgical oncology include:

Tumor Resection: Tumor resection involves the surgical removal of cancerous tumors or affected tissues. This procedure aims to completely excise the cancer while preserving surrounding healthy tissues and organs whenever possible. Tumor resection may be performed using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery.
Lymph Node Dissection: Lymph node dissection, also known as lymphadenectomy, involves the removal of nearby lymph nodes that may contain cancer cells. This procedure helps determine the extent of cancer spread and may be performed in conjunction with tumor resection for certain types of cancer, such as melanoma or breast cancer.

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a specialized surgical procedure used to identify and remove the first lymph node or nodes that cancer is likely to spread to from a primary tumor. This technique helps assess the risk of cancer spread without the need for extensive lymph node dissection.

Palliative Surgery: Palliative surgery aims to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life for patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. This may involve procedures such as tumor debulking, bypass surgery to alleviate obstruction or improve organ function, or the placement of drainage catheters to manage fluid buildup.

Reconstructive Surgery: Reconstructive surgery may be performed to restore function and appearance following cancer surgery, particularly in cases where significant tissue loss or deformity occurs. This may include procedures such as breast reconstruction after mastectomy or skin grafting following tumor removal.

Prophylactic Surgery: Prophylactic surgery involves the removal of at-risk tissues or organs to reduce the risk of developing cancer in individuals with a strong family history or genetic predisposition to certain cancers. Examples include prophylactic mastectomy for BRCA mutation carriers or prophylactic colectomy for individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis.

These treatment procedures may be used alone or in combination with other cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy, depending on the specific characteristics of the cancer and the patient’s treatment goals. The selection of treatment is guided by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, including surgical oncologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and other specialists, to ensure comprehensive and personalized care for patients with cancer.

Why Choose Us?

Expertise: Our surgical oncologists are highly skilled in performing a wide range of cancer surgeries, including tumor resections, lymph node dissections, and reconstructive procedures.
Individualized Treatment: We believe in personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s specific cancer type, stage, and overall health. Our surgeons work closely with other specialists to develop comprehensive care plans.
Multidisciplinary Collaboration: Our team collaborates closely with medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, pathologists, and other specialists to ensure that patients receive integrated and coordinated care throughout their cancer journey.

Frequently Asked Question

Q: What is surgical oncology, and how does it differ from other oncology specialties?

A: Surgical oncology focuses on the surgical treatment of cancer, including tumor removal and other surgical procedures aimed at treating or managing cancer. This differs from medical oncology, which primarily focuses on cancer treatment through medications like chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Q: What types of cancers does the Surgical Oncology department treat?

A: Our Surgical Oncology department at Pi Health Cancer Hospital treats a wide range of cancers, including but not limited to breast cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancers (such as colorectal cancer), gynecologic cancers, and urologic cancers.

Q: What surgical procedures are commonly performed by surgical oncologists?

A: Surgical oncologists perform various procedures, including tumor resections (removal of cancerous tumors), lymph node dissections, organ resections, and reconstructive surgeries. The specific procedure depends on factors such as the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.

Q: What are the benefits of minimally invasive surgical techniques in cancer treatment?

A: Minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as laparoscopy and robotic surgery, offer several benefits, including smaller incisions, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and decreased postoperative pain and discomfort compared to traditional open surgery.

Q: What should I expect before undergoing cancer surgery?

A: Before surgery, you will have consultations with your surgical oncologist to discuss your treatment plan, surgical procedure, potential risks and benefits, and what to expect during the recovery process. You may also undergo preoperative tests and evaluations to ensure you are medically fit for surgery.

Q: How long does it take to recover from cancer surgery?

A: Recovery time varies depending on the type of surgery performed, the extent of the procedure, and individual factors such as overall health and fitness level. Your surgical team will provide you with specific instructions for postoperative care and follow-up appointments to monitor your recovery progress.

Q: Are there any potential complications associated with cancer surgery?

A: Like any surgical procedure, cancer surgery carries potential risks and complications, such as infection, bleeding, blood clots, anesthesia-related complications, and adverse reactions to medications. Your surgical team will take measures to minimize these risks and provide appropriate postoperative care.

Q: Will I need additional treatments after cancer surgery?

A: Depending on the type and stage of cancer, you may require additional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy to further reduce the risk of cancer recurrence or to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. Your multidisciplinary care team will discuss your treatment plan and options with you.

Q: How can I prepare for cancer surgery?

A: To prepare for cancer surgery, your surgical team may provide you with preoperative instructions, which may include fasting before surgery, stopping certain medications, and making arrangements for transportation and postoperative care. It’s essential to follow these instructions closely to ensure a successful surgery and recovery.